This is a recording of a presentation given by Dr. Noelle Patno and Dr. Jennifer Ryan in June 2020, at the “Next Gen Microbiome and Probiotics” virtual conference. This presentation includes an overview of specific microbiota, F. prausnitzii and A. muciniphila, that have been described as next generation microbes and bioindicators of health. Challenges for delivering these microbiota directly as probiotic supplements are also explained. Dietary modification, prebiotics, and supplementation with specific strains of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium are described as potential strategies for increasing F. prausnitzii and A. muciniphila in the gut. The presenters highlight two preliminary clinical research studies that demonstrated increases in F. prausnitzii and/or A. muciniphila after supplementation with a specific single strain of Bifidobacterium or after supplementation with a new 8-strain combination of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium.